Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Immunoglobulin-G Associated Central Nervous System Inflammatory Disorder
Seong Geun Ryu, MD, Min Su Park, MD
Department of Neurology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
Autoantibody against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) has been recently recognized as
a new inflammatory disease entity distinct from multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody
positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). MOG autoantibody may cause oligodendrocyte
damage and myelin dysfunction without astrocytopathy. MOG-immunoglobulin G
(IgG) is detected in 4-10% of central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory demyelinating disorders
that include MS, NMOSD, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), idiopathic optic neuritis
and idiopathic acute transverse myelitis. MOG-IgG disease affects female slightly more than male.
The most common clinical phenotype is optic neuritis followed by myelitis, brainstem symptoms,
ADEM like presentation and multifocal involvement. About 50-80% of MOG-IgG disease have relapsing
disease course and relapsing optic neuritis is the most common clinical syndrome. Acute
treatment and long term maintenance therapy are needed in MOG-IgG disease. Prognosis in
MOG-IgG disease has more favorable outcome than AQP4 antibody positive NMOSD.
Journal of Multiple Sclerosis 9(1):1-6, 2018
